Blood-Mini Kiosk

Category
Product Design
Date
Dec 2022
Scope
User-Research, UX Design, UI Design, Prototyping

Blood-Mini Kiosk

Bridging the Gap in Blood Donation Awareness and Action Among College Students with a Convient Digital Kiosk Design

Blood transfusions are a critical and lifesaving procedure required in many common operations. While the requirement of a steady blood supply remains vital for completing surgeries, assisting childbirth, treating illnesses, and much more, data shows that blood transfusion rates have steadily declined by over 30% in the past decade. Additionally, the advent of the pandemic produced a further spike in the reduction of blood donations occurring across the country, leaving education and awareness on the importance of giving blood and an increase in repeat donors nationwide exceptionally important.

In exploring how to maximally contribute to the cause, our research confirmed many benefits in targeting the young adult population, namely 18 - 24-year-olds. This age group is currently the least represented among donors, reports the lowest awareness and knowledge level around blood donation, and is the most important given their ability to convert into repeat donors for multiple generations to come. For these reasons, our group sought to increase motivation to donate blood amongst eligible college students, aged 18 - 24, specifically focusing on those who have never donated before.

Problem: Blood donation rates among college age students in the last few years have been steadily decreasing, especially as the pandemic has impacted the frequency of and access to drives.

Goal: Design a product or system for increasing college students’ awareness of the need for blood donation and motivation to contribute.

The Blood-Mini takes the form of a semi-permanent kiosk installation that serves as an intermediate resource in between a simple advertisement and full donation center. With multiple modes and functions, it serves as a method of initial engagement, information providing tool, and means of executing the steps needed for donating. The kiosk is installed in a high-traffic location on campus, such as a student center. It first works by engaging students with its creative data visualization displays. If a student is interested, they can interact with the kiosk to learn more about the need for blood donation, positive benefits, donation process, eligibility requirements, upcoming drive information, and even incentives offered at the school. Furthermore, the system will allow for on-the-spot registration and scheduling, and in some cases could even function as a donation site itself.

Blood transfusions are a critical and lifesaving procedure required in many common operations. While the requirement of a steady blood supply remains vital for completing surgeries, assisting childbirth, treating illnesses, and much more, data shows that blood transfusion rates have steadily declined by over 30% in the past decade. Additionally, the advent of the pandemic produced a further spike in the reduction of blood donations occurring across the country, leaving education and awareness on the importance of giving blood and an increase in repeat donors nationwide exceptionally important.

In exploring how to maximally contribute to the cause, our research confirmed many benefits in targeting the young adult population, namely 18 - 24-year-olds. This age group is currently the least represented among donors, reports the lowest awareness and knowledge level around blood donation, and is the most important given their ability to convert into repeat donors for multiple generations to come. For these reasons, our group sought to increase motivation to donate blood amongst eligible college students, aged 18 - 24, specifically focusing on those who have never donated before.

Problem: Blood donation rates among college age students in the last few years have been steadily decreasing, especially as the pandemic has impacted the frequency of and access to drives.

Goal: Design a product or system for increasing college students’ awareness of the need for blood donation and motivation to contribute.

The Blood-Mini takes the form of a semi-permanent kiosk installation that serves as an intermediate resource in between a simple advertisement and full donation center. With multiple modes and functions, it serves as a method of initial engagement, information providing tool, and means of executing the steps needed for donating. The kiosk is installed in a high-traffic location on campus, such as a student center. It first works by engaging students with its creative data visualization displays. If a student is interested, they can interact with the kiosk to learn more about the need for blood donation, positive benefits, donation process, eligibility requirements, upcoming drive information, and even incentives offered at the school. Furthermore, the system will allow for on-the-spot registration and scheduling, and in some cases could even function as a donation site itself.

User-Interface Design

Design Process

Understanding the Problem Space

  • Identifying challenges and opportunities
  • Academic and industry background research
  • Analysis of existing and legacy systems

Requirements Gathering and Design Iteration

Data Collection and Analysis

We sought to understand the factors that contribute to motivating blood donation among college students by conducting a survey and interviews.  In juxtaposing responses from both those that were already consistent donors and those that had never donated before, we were able to develop an understanding of both the motivating and hindering factors to consider.

Survey
  • Qualtrics
  • 24 Questions (Multiple Choice, Likert Scale, and Free Response)
  • Distributed to Georgia Tech students via slack channel

A few examples of survey analysis reports generated

Interviews
  • Semi-structured design, ~30 minutes each
  • Participants were a mix of students, both donors and non-donors, as well as professional phlebotomists and healthcare workers

Affinity Map Containing Sorted Interview Data

Key Findings Distilled From Affinity Map

Hierarchical Task Analyses
In analyzing the data collected through interviews, surveys, and our own experiences, we recognized that non-donors are aware of blood donation but do not know much about it or have never really looked into it. Additionally, many interviewees reported being unaware of eligibility requirements as well as the general process associated with blood donation. For these reasons, we decided to break down the full operation associated with becoming influenced, learning more, registering, and eventually donating.

Hierarchical Task Analysis - Scenario 1 (Motivating towards first time donating at a bloodmobile)

Hierarchical Task Analysis - Scenario 2 (Motivating towards first time registration online)

Design Requirements

After clarifying our key findings, we were then able to distill them into both functional and non-function requirements for our design.

Functional Requirements
  1. Effectively attract and encourage potential donors
  2. Communicate information about the process and real impact of blood donation
  3. Make the donation process accessible and convenient

Non-Functional Requirements
  1. Make people feel they are useful, helpful, and important as a result of being a donor
  2. Make people feel comfortable to donate
  3. Ensure equality around the donation process
  4. Convey sufficient information in a straightforward way

Design Ideation

With these requirements guiding our process, we began ideating on designs to answer the following question:
How can we engage busy college students, convey the importance of blood donation, and provide a convenient way for students to become involved?
Our group's ideation process began by building detailed diagrams in Miro to effectively visualize the results of our research process. Diagrams included concept maps, task analyses, personas and journey maps, and our affinity diagram. We proceeded with ideation by having a group brainstorming session where we each generated ideas utilizing the SCAMPER and workbook methods, and documented the ideas on sticky notes.

Team Brainstorming Session

System Prototyping

The next stage of the process involved mapping out the user journey, constructing an information architecture, a visual style guide, and prototyping the user interface.

Storyboard

Information Architecture

Visual Design

We brainstormed possible visual styles by creating a series of different mood boards with different keywords (e.g., medical/realistic, comfortable/safe, rational/calm, dynamic/impactful, inviting/encouraging). Through discussions on the nature of our app and the feelings we wanted to give rise to in potential donors, we then iterated our mood board.

Various Mood Boards

For our final mood board, we landed on a few keywords for the kind of impression and user experience we wanted to create: Inviting, warm, hopeful, enthusiastic, and impactful. We drew inspiration from images related to such keywords as well as related topics, such as RedCross, blood, and heart.

Final Mood Board

In developing a style guide for the interface, we kept the idea of impactfulness at the forefront of our decision making. We elected to generate a color palette of a minimal amount of hues as to emphasize the strong red color and only juxtapose it with a dark navy, light creme, and grayscale colors. For typography we selected Roboto for its bold, clean, straightforward characteristic.

Style Guide

Evaluation

Given a short time frame, our design evaluation process took the form of a "discount" evaluation where sessions were conducted with other class groups.

Evaluation Goals

Given the shortened nature of our evaluation, we took our existing functional and non-functional requirements and selected 2 major requirements we determined to be the most necessary and relevant for evaluation purposes:
  1. Clearly communicate the needs and impact of blood donation
  2. Ensure a convenient process to register for blood donation

Procedure

We completed two evaluation methods, a task-based evaluation and a focus group. 4 participants took part in each.
Method 1: Individual Task-Based Evaluation
Method 2: Post-Task Focus Group Discussion

Results

After each method was completed, we sorted feedback notes In order to analyze findings, we organized all of the feedback by extrapolating specific quotes and notes as stickies in Miro and sorted feedback both by method used and design requirement being evaluated. Once all quotes were sorted by the question they were addressing, we were able to visualize trends, summarize the results, and draw conclusions. With this information, we then clarified multiple findings and resulting design implications.

Task-Based Evaluation Notes

Focus Group Discussion Notes